Concrete-mixer.



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i CONCRETE MIXER.

APPLICATION FILED AIUG. 3, 1907.

. PATENTED MAYlQ, 1908.

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11d/Numa l jnucnfoc I v l (J /142 l'l'o *l /Q No. 888,198. PATENTED MAY19, 1908. G. J. STAFFORD. CONCRETE MIXER. APPLICATION FILED AUG. 3.1907.

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N0. 888,198. PATENTED MAY 19, 1908. G. J. STAFFORD. CONCRETE MIXER.

APPLIUATION FILED AUG.3,1907.

B SHEETS-SHEET 5.

PATENTED MAY 19, 1908. G. J. STAFFORD. CONCRETE MIXER.

APPLIOATION FILED AUG.3.1907.

e SHEETS-SHEET G.

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APPLICATION FILED AUG.3,1907.

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GEORGE J. STAFFORD, OF MCGRAW, NEW YORK.

CONCRETE-MIXER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed August 3, 1907.

Patented May 1'9, 1908.

sera-i1 No. 386,879.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, ,Gemeen J. STAFFORD, a citizen of the United States,and resident of McGraw, in the county of Cortland, in the State of NewYork, have invented new and useful Improvements in Concrete-Mixers, ofwhich the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings,is a full, clear, and exact description.

Thisinvention relates to portable concretemixing machines.

The chief object of the invention is to produce a machine which shall bestrong and durable in construction, efficient and reliable in itsoperation, and at the same time can be easily and convenientlycontrolled.

Other objects will be apparent from the novel arrangement andcombination of the component parts of the machine hereinafter fullydescribed and set forth in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a side elevation of a tractionconcrete-mixing machine embodying inyinvention; Fig. 2 is a plan view ofthe same; Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line -XX in Fig. l, Fig.

4 is an enlarged detail side view showing the mechanism which transmitsmotion to the rear carrying-wheels of the truck and also showing themechanism which operates the discharge conveyer; Fig. 5 is an enlargedview of a portion of the machine taken at. the opposite side and showingthe mechanism which rotates the shaft of the mixing-blades; Fig. 6 is anenlarged vertical sectional View of the mixing-drum and hopper; Fig. 7is lan enlarged detail view of the worm and pinion forming part of themechanism which drives the discliarge-conveyer, and showing the clutchfor throwing the same into and out of operation; Fig. 8 is an enlargedtransverse section on the line -Y-Y- in Fig. 2 and illustrating thedifferential gear forming part of t-he mechanism which. drives the rearcarrying-wheels; Fig. 9 is an enlarged transverse section of the clutchemployed for throwing in and out of operation the mechanisms which drivethe mixing-apparatus and carryingwheels of the truck; and, Fig` 10 is adetail side-view of the front end portion of the machine andillustrating the collapsible frame of the loading conveycr. f

Referring to the drawings, -1- denotes the frame of the truck, whichframe preferably comprises a pair of metal I-beams and is providedthroughout a portion of its length with a platform -2-.

3 3 wheels of the truck, the axle -4 thereof being connected to theframe in any convenient manner. The steering may be eected by anysuitable mechanism, said mechanism preferably comprising l the usualchains -55- connected at one end to the opposite end portions of theaxle, the other ends of the chain being connected to the usualtransverse shaft (not shown) and oppositely wound thereon. This shaft isrotated by a hand-wheel -6- and shaft -7- commonly employed intraction-machines.

-8S denote the rear wheels, the axle -9- of which is secured to theundersides of the beams of the frame as shown in Fig. 8.

.-10- denotes an engine of any suitable type and which may be mounted onthe frame in any convenient manner. The engine is placed with its shaft-11- extending transversely in relation to the frame, and to said shaftis secured a sprocket-wheel l2- connected by a chain n-leto asprocketwheel m14- secured to a counter-shaftl5-journaledinboxes--l-l-mounted upon the frame -1-. On thecountershaft-1 -arelooselymounted two sprocketwheels -17-17X-, theformer being included in the mechanism for driving the rear ortraction-wheels 8-8-,- and the other forming a part of the mechanism foroperating the mixing-apparatus as will be s ortly explained. Between thesprocket-wheels -17-17X- is disposed a clutch employed for throwing thesame into and out of operative connection with the shaft -I5-. Thisclutch may be of any suitable construction, but preferabl comprises apair of integrally formed collars -18-18X- having a 4spline andgroove-connection with the shaft and adapted to be shifted into and outof engagement with the collars -19-19X- secured respectively to thesprocket-wheels 17- 17 X-. This shifting of the collars -18- 18X- iseffected by means of a suitably suppolted hand-lever -20- which isprovided with a yoke -21- embracing the hub of the collars and disposedbetween the said collars as clearly shown in Figs. 2 and 9.

Disposed arallel with and in front of the counter-sha t -15- is a shaft-.-22- journaled in suitable boxes -23-23- secured to the bottom of theframe -1- and on this latter shaft is loosely mounted a sprocketwheel24- connected by a chain -25- to the aforesaid sprocket-,wheel -17-onthe denotes the front or steering-l "a vchain -27- to a sprocket-wheel2S- mounted upon a shaft -29- disposed betweenj'the shafts 15,- -22 andjournaled 1n boxes 3030 secured on top of l the frame -1-. The shaft-29- is employed for transmitting power to the rearwheels -8-8- of thetruck and therefore, I

rovide the same with a differential-gear which may be of anysuitable'construction and arranged in various ways. I n the presentinstance the shaft -29- is rovided with a loose sleeve -31- extendmgfrom one end thereof for a portion of its length, and upon the inner endof the sleeve is loosely mounted the aforesaid sprocketwheel -28-.

The differential-gear comprises two bevelgears -32-32Xf which are keyedrespectively to the shaft -29- and its sleeve -31-, and a beveled-pinion-33- jour- `naled on a shaft -34- extending radially from the hub of thes rocket-wheel Z8- as shown in Fig. 8. *T s shaft -34- may be fastenedin any convenient manner to the sprocket-wheel.

To opposite ends of the shaft -29- and sleeve w31- are secured resectively pinions -35-35- which mes with gearrs ,-36-36- mounted onthe'rear axle -9-,

said gears having theirv hubs formed with flanges 5W-37# which aresecured by means of bolts l-38--38-v to similar flanges -39-39-formed onthe hubs of the rear or traction-wheels -8-8* Fig. 8.

The concrete-mixing apparatus comprises a horizontally disposedcylindrical drum as clearly shown in fastened to the aforesaid platform.

The drum -40- is provided in its u per portion with an opening --45-4and a ove the drum is disposed a hopper -46- for receiving the varlousWell known materials to be used for the concrete. This hopper ismountedV u on a suitable frame L17- which may i e supported upon theplatform f2 in any convenient manner. The hopper has lan open bottom andis provided thereat with a -manually o` erated gate .48- whlch isnormally close and is operatlve vfor depositing. the materials into theldrum to subject the said materials to the action of the mixing-blades-42-42. These blades may be of Various constructions and may be securedto the revoluble? shaft -41- in any suitable manner. The mechanism whichrotates the shaft 4lcomprises 'a sprocket-wheel -49- secured to theshaft at the right-hand side of the machine and connected by a chain -50to a smaller sprocket-wheel -1-51- secured t'o the shaft -22-, saidshaft -22 having secured to it another spocket-wheel -52- 'f connectedby a chain 53,- to the sprocket., j

wheel -17X--- which is loosely mounted upon the shaft '-'-15- ashereinbefore stated.

To prevent the drum from normally rotat ing w1th the mixing-blades, Iprovide a manually controlled lock therefor, which may be of anysuitable and convenient style, however, this lock preferably cpnsists`of an arm 54-' which is secured to a transverse rock-l shaft -55` and isformed with a hook 54X- adapted to engage a projection 556'- secured tothe outer periphery of the drum as clearly shown'in Figs. 1 and 5. Thearm -.54- is actuated to disengage its .hook 54 from the projection 56-by means of a lever -57- fastenedto the shaft -55- for rocking thelatter. The lever is arranged so as to Vallow it to be conveniently oerated by an attendant standing u on the atform -2-, and by its gravityt e hook is held in locking position as illustrated in Fig. 1.

It will be understood that when the drum is unlocked, the frictionrevolving blades rotating the drum, lthe concrete will be dis# char edthrough its opening -45-.

Be pw the drum is disposed a trough -58- extending across theplatform-2- and into which the concreteis discharged..

This trough is formed by providing two par- ,allel plates ,:59-59-having u ward exchains -60-60- each running over a pair ofsprocket-Wheels *b-lxsecured respectivel .to longitudinal shafts.--6263fjournale in suitable boxes 60x-60X- mounted on opposite sides ofthe truck frame member.

-1- to which chains are secured a series of bars -62 62X- which areadapted to scrape along the platform -2-. The said conveyer is driven bymeans of a pinion 64 secured to the shaft -62- and meshin with aworm-gear -65- on the aforesaid shaft -22- as clearly illustrated in Fis. 4 and 7.

n order to allow the discharge-conveyer to be stopped and startedindependently over the mixing-apparatus, I mount the worm-gear looselyon the shaft -22- and provide a clutch for throwing the said gear intoand out of operative connection with the shaft. This clutch consists oftwo members ,-66--66X- of well known construction, the member -66- beingrigidly secured to the worm-gear, and the other member adapted to slidelongitudinally on the shaft so as to engage and discharge the other Theclutch-memberl -xhas a spline and groove connection with the shaft -2?-to permit the same to slide for the purpose'stated and this slidingmovement is effected by means of a hand-lever -67- which is pivoted to asuitable bracket -68* fastene'd to the frame -1-,- said lever beingpreferably provided with a fork or yoke -69- engaging a' circumferentialgroove -70- in the clutch-member as clearly shown in Fig. 7.

--7'l-- denotes a guard disposed at the rear end of the trough -58- andconsisting of an outwardly inclined plate hinged to the plates --59-59--and having its free edge resting upon the discharge-conveyer. This guardserves to prevent the concreten from falling out through the rear end ofthe trough.

At the front end of the truck is provided an elevated conveyer which isemployed for loading the hopper. This loading-conyeyer is' of well knownconstruction and comprises a set of the usual buckets 7272- suitablyfastened to an endless chain 7T- travelingon a pair of sprocket-wheels--73- 74 which are secured respectively to shafts -4-75-76- journaled inboxes --77- 779- mounted on opposite ends of a rearwardly inclined frame-78-.. The conveyer-frame -78- ispreferably of rectanguiar shape andhas, its members composed of 'angle-bars, and it may be supported uponthe truck in any suitable manner.

I prefer to form the frame of lower and upper sections -a--b-`detachably united by means of bolts -79-79- and support the same inthemanner shown in Fig. 10,v in which it will be seen that `thelongitudinal members of the lower section frare provided withjournal-boxes -80-80- by which 'the section is pivotally connected to atransverse shaft -81 mounted upon vbrackets -82- 82- fastened to the topof the truck-frame -1-.

The bottom portion of the frame -78- is sustained by means of a pair ofbraces 853-- extending from the side members of the lower section cttothe underside of the truck-frame 1-.. The top portion of the frame issustained by a pair f braces -84-84- extending from the sidemembers ofthe upper section to the hoppersupporting frame 47 as clearly shown inFig. 1.

By removing the lower bolt 79 of the conveyer-frame and disconnectingthe braces -Sw--Sfl--Sl-g the said frame is rendered collapsible asshown in Fig. 10, the conveyer being indicated by dotted lines.

'lhe collapsing ofthe frame is desirable in transporting the machineover rough roads for the reason that it guards against racking the frameand conveyer.

-85- denotes a box suitably supported on the lower end of theconveyer-frame for receiving the various .materials to be used for theconcrete, through which box the conveyer-buckets travel and therebydeliver the said materials to the hopper -46-.

Between the sprocket-wheels 7374 are provided two pairs of wheels-86-86- upon which the buckets ride. The lower pair of wheels is mountedon the shaft 8land the upper pair is mounted, on a shaft -87 -supportedin j ournal-boXes-SS--SSW secured to the side-members of the upperframe-section --b-.

To transmit motion to the convey'er, I provide the shaft -81- with twosprocketwheels 89 and -9()-, the former being connected by a chain -91-to a sprocketwheel -92- secured to the shaft -41- of the mixing-blades,and the other sprocketwheel 90- is connected by a chain w93- to asprocket-wheel 9d-- Asecured to the upper shaft -76-- of the conveyer.

To control the operation of the loading conveyer, I provide a clutch forthrowing the sprocket-wheel -92- into and out of connection with theshaft 4lof the mixing-blades. bers -95-95X-, the member 95- beingrigidly fastened to the said sprocket-wheel and the member -95X- beingadapted to slide longitudinally upon the shaft -41-- so as to engage anddisengage the member -95. l To effect this sliding ofthe clutchmember*95X* on the shaft,` I employ the well known spline andgroove-connection for said parts, and provide a hand-lever -96- pivotedto an arm -97- secured to one of the aforesaid brackets -44-, whichlever is provided with a fork or yoke -98- engaging a circumferentialgroove 99-' in the said clutch-member.

-100- denotes a rotary pump which is mounted upon a suitable support--101n and has connected to it a water-pipe -102- leading from anyconvenient supply-tank This clutch comprises two mem- (not necessary tobe shown). From the said pump extends a pipe -103- connected to a pipe+104- communicating with a pipe -105- which extends upwardly and thencehorizontally over the opening -45- of the drum--40-* This horizontalportion of the ipe -105- is perforated throughout its ength so as to sray the water onto the materials during t e mixing-operation. The

pump may be operated by vany suitable and -convenient means driven bytheengine,

- normally open valve '-1l3-.

however I prefer to provide the shaft of the pump with a sprocket-wheel-106wwhich is connected by a chain- 107e to asprocket-` Wheel -l08-secured to the counter-shaft -15- as shown in Figs.- 1, 2 and 5. l

--109-v denotes a vtank which is suppprted upon the platform /-2 of thetruc has connected to it the pipe -104-whereby water may be pumped intosaid tank for storing. This pipe is provided .with two valves -l10-111-,the valve -110- being normally closed and the other valve being openwhen the water is pumped from the regular supply. The pipe ,-105- isprovided with a normally closed valve -112- and the pipe -102- isprovided with a If it is found in operating the mixing-machine in somelocations, that water'can be obtained from a source under pressure, thepump may be disconnected, and a hose attached to the rear end of thepipe -105-. In this instance the valve -112- is opened and the valve ell1- closed. It is obvious that the 4 valve -110-is to be opened and thevalve #-111- closed during the filling of the tank;

The` said tank is provided with a conveniently arranged \overflow -pipe-114-- When .it is necessary to pump water from the tank for supplyingthe mixing-drum, one end departing from the spirit of the, invention.l

The construction of the machine having been fully described, thefollowing is a clear explanation of the operation thereof: The mainclutch, comprising the rigidly united collars '-18-18X- is normally outof engagementwith the collars `--19---19X--. When it is desired to drivethe, truck, the operator actuates the lever I-20-- to throw the clutchto the left, to cause its collar' 1S- to engage the collar -19- fastenedto the s rocket-wheel -17- mounted loosely on t e counter-shaft -15-.The o erator then starts the engine -10- where y m'o- .collars-18-18X--The collar -'-1 S-being in engagement with the collar d197 causes thesprocket-Wheel -17- to impart motion to the chain -25- and the srocket-wheel -24- which is mounted loose y on the supplemental-shaft-22- and has fastened to 1t the sprocket-wheel -26-, from which to throwthe. clutch to the right to disconnect the power-transmitting mechanismfrom the counter-shaft --15-. VThe opera-v tor now throws' the clutch agreater distance to the right to cause the clutch-collar -lSX- to engagethe collar -1,9X- which is'fastened to thesprocket-wheel NX- looselymounted on the counter-shaft -15.-, whereby the chain --53- andsprocket-wheel -52- impart a rearward rotation to the shaft Q2-f. Motionis transmitted from this latter shaft to the drum-supportingshaft -41-by means lof the sprocketwheels -49-51- and chain -50- to operate themixingblades .-42-42f secured to the shaft -41-. Anattendant standingupon vthe latform 2f of the truck then operates tfie lever -9 6 to throwthe clutch-member 955- connected to the shaft -41-, into enga -ment withthe clutch-member -.95-- which is fastened to the sprocket-wheel -92mounted loosely on the latter shaft,- whereby the sprocket- Wheels'192-88- and chain -91- are caused to impart rearward rotation to theshaft -81- on which is supported the elevated frame -78- of the conveyeremployed for delivering the concrete-materialsv to the yhopper -46--This conveyer comprises the usual brackets -72-72- and the endless chainN--72 l traveling on the s rocket-wheels -73-74 journaled on t e frame--78- as hereinbefore described, l

By setting the sprocket-Wheels Q2-88- and chain -`-91- in motion throughthe engagement of the clutchmembers Q5- -95X- as above stated, thesprocket-wheels -9094 and chain T93- are caused to drive the conveyer.When the said conveyer is set'in. operation, the materials are A throwninto the box -85- through which the conveyer-buckets -72- -72-,- travel,

v Y, l

. the hopper.

ytransversely disposed trough --5$ esame whereby the said materials aredelivered into When the said hopper is sufficiently loaded, an attendantopens the sliding gate -48- to deposit the materials through the opening-45- of the drum, whereby the said materials are subjected to the actionof the revoluble blades -42--42--- During the mixing-operation, therequisite amount of water is supplied to the drum by the pipe -]05-which extends over theI drum-opening -45- and is connected to a suitablesource as before stated, the water being forced through said pipe by therotarypump -100- wjiich is operated by the sprocket wheels 106- 108 andchain -107- driven by the counter-shaft l5- When the mixing of theconcrete is completed, the attendant raises the lever -57- to carry thehook -54 of the arm -54- out of engagement with the projection-56- onthe outer periphery of the drum, whereby' the drum is` unlocked. By thusunlocking the drum, the latter is free to rotate with the blades. Afterunlocking the drum, the lever -57- is released so as to carry the hook-54X- back to its normal position to engage a like projection -56X- onthe drum. This projection ,-56X- being diametrically opposite theprojection ,-56- obviously allows the drum to receive a half-revolutionwhereby its opening w-454- is carried to the bottom Ito discharge theconcrete into the After the concrete is discharged from the drum, thelever is lifted to disengage the hook from the projection -56X- to allowthe drum to rotate so as to carry its opening back to its vnormallocation, whereupon the projection e-56 again engages the hook. Upondischarging the concrete from the drum, the attendant operates the lever-67- to throw the clutch-member -xinto engagement with the clutch-member-66- whereby theworm-gear and pinion --64- are caused to transmit-motion from the shaft -22- to the shaft -62- so as to drive theconveyer which travels through the trough -58-. This conveyer comprisingchains -60-60- and a seriesgi'of bars -62X-- -62X- which scrape acrossthe platform, effectually delivers the concrete at one side of thetruck. This conveyer is disposed at such an elevation from the ground asto allow a wheel-barrow to be placed thereunder if desired to receivethe concrete.

By` employing the described clutches, it will be evident that theconveyers may be conveniently and independently started or arrested atwill. v

What I claim as my invention is 1. An apparatus of the class describedcomprising a revolubly supported drum, mixing-devices including a rotaryshaft within the drum, mechanism for rotating said -65 shaft, a conveyerfor delivering the concretematerials to the drum, mechanism actuated bythe shaft for driving the conveyer, means for controlling the operationof the conveyer, a locking device maintaining the drum normallystationary, said drum being adapted to be inverted by the mixing-devicesto effect the` discharge therefrom, and means for actuating theaforesaid locking device for controlling the inverting action of themixingdevices as set forth.

2. The combination with an apparatus of the class described, comprisinga revolubly supported horizontal drum, a revoluble shaft extendingaxially through the drum, mixingdevices disposed Within the drum andactuated by said shaft, mechanism rotating said shaft, and means formaintaining the drum normally stationary, of a conveyer for deliveringthe concrete-materials to the drum and receiving motion from said shaft,clutchdevices for throwing the conveyer into and out of operation, andmeans operative for releasing the drum and permitting the mixingdevicesto impart a half-revolution to the drum for the purpose set forth.

3. A concrete-mixing machine comprising a suitably supported rotatablehorizontal shaft, a drum mounted loosely on said shaft, and rovided inits top with an opening, a set of blades secured to the shaft within thedrum, mechanism rotating said shaft, a rockshaft, means on therock-shaft formaintaining the drum normally irrevoluble, and means foractuating the said rock-shaft to release the drum to allow the blades toimpart a half-revolution to the drum for the purpose of discharging theconcrete through the opening thereof as set forth.

4. A concrete-mixingapparatus comprising a suitably supported rotatablehorizontal shaft, mechanism rotating the shaft, a drum loosely mountedon said shaft and provided in its top with an opening, a rock-shaftdisposed parallel with the drum, an arm connected to the rock-shaft,means on the drum adapted to be engaged by the arm to maintain the drumnormally irrevoluble, a set of mixing-blades secured to the Shaft withinthe drum, and a lever for actuating the rockshaft to disengage the armfrom the drum to allow the drum to be automatically inverted for thepurpose of discharging the concrete through its opening as set forth.

5. 1n a machine of the character described, the combination of asuitably supported revoluble shaft, a mixing-drum mounted loosely uponsaid shaft and provided in its top with an opening, a lockingdeviceholding the drum normally irrevoluble and operative for allowing thedrum to be inverted for the purpose of discharging, a set ofmixing-blades secured to said shaft within the drum, a hopper sup ortedabove the drum, avgonveyer for loa ing the concretematerials into thehopper, a conveyer traveliing underthe. drum into which thel concretethe combination of a concrete-mixing-a pal ratus, a hopper for receivingthe materia sto be mixed, means at the bottom of the hopper fordepositing the material into the mixingapparatus, an elevated endlessAconveyer for loading the hopper, a horizontally traveling endlessconveyer under the mixing-apparatus onto which the concrete isdischarged, means including a pump for supplying the mixing-apparatuswith water, an engine and-its shaft, a counter-shaft driven by theengine, a supplemental shaft dis osed parallel with, the counter-shaft,mec anismsU for transmittin motion /from the counter-shaft to said suppemental-shafaa main clutch for throwing said mechanism into and out ofoperative connection with thecounter-shaft, mechanism transmitting'motion from the sup lemental-shaft` to the mixing-a paratus, mec anismtransmitting motion rom the counter-shaft to the pump, for transmittingmotion from the supplemental-shaft to the discharge-conveyer, mechanismtransmitting motipn from the mixing-apparatus to theloadigconveyer, andadditional clutches for independentlyv sto ping and starting' the tWoconveyers as set fbrth.

7 .`In combination with a concrete-mixer, comprising a drumvand a set ofblades disposed therein, a suitable engine, and mechanism driven by theengine for operating the mixer, of a tank for-storing Water, a system ofWater-pipes communicating with the mixer 'and tank, a ump connected tothe system ando eratedpby the engine, and valves include may be pumpeinto either the mixer or storlng-tankas and for the pur ose set forth.

8,. In a concrete-mixing mac ne, the comin the siystem whereby the Waterseams bination a truck, of a collapsible ele-` describe comprising atruck provided withl traction-wheels, an engine mounted on the l truck,a counter-shaft' driven by the shaft of the engine, power-transmittingdevices including a shaft and dierentlal-gear connected to thetraction-wheels, mechanism adapted to be driven by the counter-shaft for1m arting motion to the power-transmitting mounted on the truck-andconsisting of a normally irrevQluble horizontal drum proevices, aconcrete-mixmg apparatus vided with an opening in its top, a revoluble Ishaft supporting lthe drum, and a set of blades secured to the shaft,mechanism for transmitting motion from the 'supplemental shaft to theshaft of the mixing-apparatus',

a ho per supported above the mixing-drum, an e evated endless conveyercarried on the ,truck for delivering theconcrete-material to the hopper,mechanism for transmitting motion from the drum-shaft to the conveyer, a

trough extending across the top of the truckv and disposed under vthemixing-drum, an

endless conveyer traveling through the.

trough, means voperative for ermittlng the half-revolution j v to thedrum for the purpose of dischargingrevolving blades to impart a so finto the trough, mechanism for transmitting I motion fromtheaforesaid'supplem'ental shaft i .9 5

to :the discharge-conveyer, main clutch-devices on the counterl shaftwhereby the ower of the engine'may'bey transmitted to either thetraction-wheels or concrete-mixing apparatus, and supplementalclutch-devices on the supplemental-shaft and shaft of the mixingapparatus for independently conas set rth.

trolling the operation ofthe two-conveyers4 eEoiaeEf.J1.s'rarfiroiin. A

Witnesses: y,

D. B. TRIPP, C. E. METZLEP.

